Goal: Investigates whether three-dimensional spatial mappings provide better support for route planning than two-dimensional representations. Investigate if the eye movement related metrics can be predictive of the difficulty of the selected route.

Motivation: Humans have numerous spatial representations at their disposal. Cognitive maps, physical two- and three-dimensional maps, as well as recently introduced digital two and three-dimensional representations are just a few examples. Many three-dimensional, often interactive, representations, e.g. Google Earth and Microsoft Virtual Earth, have been developed to support spatial thinking. Although there is no conclusive research on this topic; many researchers, developers, and users believe that three-dimensional representations provide superior usefulness and usability. The research reported here attempts to determine whether three-dimensional spatial representations support better spatial thinking than two-dimensional mappings.